Over the past decade in the Asian Highlands, the pace and magnitude of environmental and social change have been accelerating due to global warming and increasing rates of socio-economic transformation. The effects of change in the Asian Highlands are deepened by the vulnerability of many inhabitants. These factors impact on water governance in the Asian Highlands which is also constrained by gaps between scientific information and policy making. We sought answers to water governance questions at three scales-international, regional, and local. From exploring the published literature, we found clear international consensus on best practices for better water governance, but discovered that few such policies have been adopted in the Asian Highlands.